Part1
Whether you're watching in the classroom, in office, at home or on the go ,thank you for taking 10 minutes for CNN 10. I'm Carl Azuz.
无论你是在课室、办公室、在家或在路上，谢谢您花十分钟时间收看CNN10，我是Carl Azuz.
🌈On the连读 on呢

The U.S. Supreme Court has had eight justices serving on it since Associate Justice Antonin Scalia died suddenly last February.
自陪审法官Antonin Scalia去年二月去事后，美国最高法院还有八位法官在职。
🌈supreme/suˈprim/最高的
court/kɔrt/法院
justice /'dʒʌstɪs/法官，审判员
Serving on it在职
associate justice/ə'soʃɪet/陪审法官

Four of these justices were appointed by Republican presidents.
Four were appointed by Democratic presidents.
其中四位法官由共和国总统任命，另四位则由民主党总统任命。
🌈republican /rɪ'pʌblɪkən/共和党的
President /'prɛzɪdənt/总统
appointed /ə'pɔɪnt/指定，任命
democratic/'dɛmə'krætɪk/民主的
(four of连读 fourəv)

So, on divisive cases, you can see how a 4-4 split could hamper the court's decision making process.
四四分派可以束缚法庭上案件中的分歧。
🌈divisive/dɪ'vaɪsɪv/分歧的

Last March, then-President Barack Obama, a Democrat, nominated a U.S. Appeals Court judge named Merrick Garland to replace Justice Scalia.
But Republicans who controlled the Senate argued that the next U.S. president should appoint Scalia's replacement.
去年三月，前总统民主党派巴拉克，奥巴马，推荐Merrick Garland替补Scalia上诉法院法官的位置。但控制参议院的共和党派有争议，替补人选应由下任总统任命。
🌈Barack Obama/bəˈrɑːk oʊˈbɑːmə/
democrat/'dɛməkræt/民主党人
nominated/'nɒmɪneɪtɪd/提名
Senate/'sɛnət/参议院，上院


And they did not give Judge Garland a hearing.
With the new U.S. leader now in place, a new nominee has been named.
法官Garland未能得到发言的机会
随着新领导人上任，新上诉法院法官被任命。
🌈give sb a hearing给某人发言的机会
nominee /,nɑmɪ'ni/被任命者

Tuesday night, President Donald Trump announced that Neil Gorsuch, a U.S. Appeals Court judge, was his pick to fill Scalia's seat on the high court.
周二晚，总统川普宣布选择Neil Gorsuch替补Scalia成为上诉法院法官。

Part2
The 49-year-old Judge Gorsuch is considered to be a conservative jurist, like Scalia.
49岁法官Gorsuch被考虑像Scalia一样作为保守派法官
🌈is considered to be被考虑作为
conservative /kən'sɝvətɪv/保守的
jurist/'dʒʊrɪst/法官

The nominee studied at Columbia, Harvard and Oxford Universities and President Trump says his qualifications are beyond dispute.
这位被提名者曾学习于哥伦比亚大学，哈佛大学和牛津大学，总统川普认为他的资格毋庸置疑
🌈nominee/,nɑmɪ'ni/被任命者
Columbia/kə'lʌmbɪr/哥伦比亚
Harvard/'hɑvəd/哈佛
Oxford/'ɑksfɚd/牛津大学
beyond dispute毋庸置疑

But House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi described Gorsuch as a hostile appointment, who's outside the American mainstream.
但众议院少数派领袖Nancy Pelosi描述Gorsuch是个激进派，不在美国主流范围内
🌈Minority/maɪ'nɔrəti/少数的
hostile/ˈhɑstəl/敌对的，激进的
appointment/ə'pɔɪntmənt/职位
mainstream/'menstrim/主流

Experts say Gorsuch is still likely to join the Supreme Court bench. His Senate confirmation hearings are set to begin in six weeks.
专家认为Gorsuch仍然可能加入到最高法院，他的参议院确认听审时间将在六周内进行

Federal judges, including Supreme Court justices, serve for life.
联邦法官，包括最高法院法官终身任职

That's why presidents regard these judicial appointments as such an important way to extend their own legacies.
这就是总统如此注重法庭任职的原因，由此可以扩大他们自己的政绩
🌈judicial/dʒʊ'dɪʃəl/法庭的
regard/rɪ'ɡɑrd/注重
legacies/'lɛgəsi/遗产，此处表政绩

Part3
The Constitution does not set out a resume that a Supreme Court justice has to have.
宪法没有设置一个最高法院法官必须具备的简历

There's no requirement in the Constitution that a Supreme Court justice even be a lawyer.
宪法甚至没有要求最高法院法官必须是律师

But traditionally, presidents have nominated impeccably qualified sitting judges.
传统上，总统提名(无法翻译)
🌈impeccably/ɪm'pɛkəbli/

Both presidents and senators like to say that the confirmation process is all about qualifications.
But it's really also about politics.
总统和参议院总说确认过程全和资格有关。但实际上也和政治相关
🌈politics/'pɑlətɪks/政治

Virtually, every important issue in American politics and even American life winds up in front of the Supreme Court, and they have the last word.
事实上，牵涉到美国政治上的每个重要事件甚至美国人生活，最高法庭有决定权
🌈Virtually/ˈvɜrtʃuəli/事实上
wind up牵涉

Both the president and the senators trying to figure out how the nominee's stance on the hot-button issues that the Supreme Court deals with and that's why the senators will vote yes or not.
🌈stance/stæns/立场，位置
senators/'sɛnətɚ/参议员

The Supreme Court is designed to operate with nine justices. What makes Justice Scalia's death so unusual in Supreme Court history is that most justices announce that they plan to retire and then a president nominates their successor.
So, there is no vacancy at any point in the Supreme Court.
With eight justices, there are possibilities for tie votes, which can create a significant amount of confusion in the law.

Part4
Next, messages crisscrossing the Pacific Ocean.
A U.S. research institute says it looks like the Asian country of North Korea has restarted one of its nuclear reactors and it may be using it to make plutonium for its controversial nuclear weapons program.
The United Nations considers North Korea's nuclear and missile programs illegal. It's repeatedly penalized the country for them.
But that hasn't stopped the communist nation from moving forward with nuclear production.
And officials from the U.S. and South Korea say the North may be testing more long-range missiles sometime soon.
This is all happening as the new U.S. defense secretary, James Mattis, heads overseas to visit Japan and South Korea.
They're both American allies in the region and they're both hoping the Trump administration supports those alliances and addresses the threat posed by North Korea.
Earlier this week, Secretary Mattis said America was committed to defending South Korea.
U.S. military helicopters test fire on the South Korean soil, target practice.
In case we are called to fight tonight, we can. We can actually execute our mission at a moment's notice, if we're ordered to do so.

Part5
On the peninsula still technically at war, U.S. troops are key to a decade's old deterrent against an unstable armed neighbor.
U.S. troops train here 365 days a year, preparing for the possibility of one day being called upon to potentially confront a threat from North Korea.
This live fire training complex is just about 10 miles away from the DMZ, between North Korea and South Korea.
Nearly every U.S. unit that deploys to South Korea will at one point be sent here for training.
The units are also part of annual exercises with South Korea's military, advanced training and an unmistakably warning that's angered Kim Jong-un -
the erratic dictator who's believed to have an arsenal of between 16 and 20 nuclear weapons.
The construction of U.S. military post Camp Humphreys is currently the Pentagon's largest construction project in the world.
The total costs, $10.8 billion. South Korea will pay for more than 90 percent of it.
They also foot about half the bill when it comes to personnel cost for 28,000 U.S. soldiers stationed here.
Ten-second trivia: Name the U.S. president who, in 1959, proclaimed Hawaii as the 50th state. Was it Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy or Johnson?
Hawaii achieved statehood under President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who served from 1953 to 1961.

Part6
And Hawaii is where our next story takes place today.
It involves surge (ph). In Hawaii Volcano National Park, lava is streaming into the sea.
What it looks like a red bar in the center of your screen is actually molten rock.
It's flowing quickly from Hawaii's Kilauea Volcano, raising through a lava tube and splashing into the Pacific.
The research team that observed this says the entire cliff nearby could be unstable and that the explosions that occur as the lava hits the cool water make the whole area dangerous on land and sea.
It's the U.S. Geological Survey which posted this video, is telling people to avoid the area.
Today is a groundbreaking holiday in the U.S. Yes, that's a pun -- no, it's not really a holiday.
But it is a time when millions or at least a handful of Americans look to a woodchuck, not to see how much wood it would chuck, but to see what it says about the weather.
Groundhog Day is a kind of ancient way of forecasting.
From semi-famous rodents like Punxsutawney Phil, General Beauregard Lee or Staten Island Chuck, people are hoping to get a sense of whether spring weather is coming soon.
And if they don't get an accurate sense of that, at least they can have fun trying.
Where exactly did this tradition come from?

Part7
It's Groundhog Day. Every year on February 2nd, it's Groundhog Day.
But this has been around for a long time. This is a German tradition that dates back to the 1700.
The Germans brought it over to the United States when they settled in Pennsylvania.
Now, on Groundhog Day, it all comes down to this guy, Phil the Groundhog in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania, whether he will see his shadow or not.
Now, Phil comes out of hibernation every year on Groundhog Day, on February 2nd.
If it's a bright, sunny day, well, most likely, Phil will see his shadow.
But then, he will get scared, go back in his hole, and go back to sleep, we'll have winter for six more weeks.
But if it's a cloudy day, a dreary day, and he comes out and does not see his shadow, well, he'll stay out. And that means spring will come early.
now, if you count up all of the years that Phil has been forecasting, he basically sees his shadow about 85 percent of the time.
So, it's most likely he'll see his shadow. His owners think he's accurate 100 percent of the time, but if you ask meteorologists around the world, well, we disagree.
We think he's wrong about 50 percent of the time.
Whether he sees his shadow or not though, the official start to spring is March 20th.