• Starrest     读诗——拜伦《哀希腊》

    • Just for Fun

    • 片段讲解秀

    • from:《诸神之战》

    168'

    173'

    THE isles of Greece! the isles of Greece!
    Where burning Sappho loved and sung,
    Where grew the arts of war and peace,---
    Where Delos rose and Phoebus sprung!
    Eternal summer gilds them yet,
    But all, except their sun, is set.

    The Scian and the Teian muse,
    The hero's harp, the lover's lute,
    Have found the fame your shores refuse;
    Their place of birth alone is mute
    To sounds which echo further west
    Than your sires' "Islands of the Blest."

    The mountains look on Marathon---
    And Marathon looks on the sea;
    And musing there an hour alone,
    I dream'd that Greece might yet be free
    For, standing on the Persians' grave,
    I could not deem myself a slave.

    A king sat on the rocky brow
    Which looks on sea-born Salamis;
    And ships, by thousands, lay below,
    And men in nations;---all were his!
    He counted them at break of day---
    And when the sun set, where were they?

    And where are they? and where art thou,
    My country? On thy voiceless shore
    The heroic lay is tuneless now---
    The heroic bosom beats no more!
    And must thy lyre, so long divine,
    Degenerate into hands like mine?

    'Tis something, in the dearth of fame,
    Though link'd among a fetter'd race,
    To feel at least a patriot's shame,
    Even as I sing, suffuse my face;
    For what is left the poet here?
    For Greeks a blush---for Greece a tear.

    Must we but weep o'er days more blest?
    Must we but blush?---Our fathers bled.
    Earth! render back from out thy breast
    A remnant of our Spartan dead!
    Of the three hundred grant but three,
    To make a new Thermopylae.

    What, silent still, and silent all?
    Ah! no; the voices of the dead
    Sound like a distant torrent's fall,
    And answer, "Let one living head,
    But one arise,---we come, we come!"
    'Tis but the living who are dumb.

    In vain---in vain: strike other chords;
    Fill high the cup of Samian wine!
    Leave battles to the Turkish hordes,
    And shed the blood of Scio's vine!
    Hark! rising to the ignoble call---
    How answers each bold bacchanal!

    You have the Pyrrhic dance as yet,
    Where is the Pyrrhic phalanx gone?
    Of two such lessons, why forget
    The nobler and the manlier one?
    You have the letters Cadmus gave---
    Think ye he meant them for a slave?

    Fill high the bowl with Samian wine!
    We will not think of themes like these!
    It made Anacreon's song divine;
    He served---but served Polycrates---
    A tyrant; but our masters then
    Were still, at least, our countrymen.

    The tyrant of the Chersonese
    Was freedom's best and bravest friend;
    That tyrant was Miltiades!
    Oh! that the present hour would lend
    Another despot of the kind!
    Such chains as his were sure to bind.

    Fill high the bowl with Samian wine!
    On Suli's rock, and Parga's shore,
    Exists the remnant of a line
    Such as the Doric mothers bore;
    And there, perhaps, some seed is sown,
    The Heracleidan blood might own.

    Trust not for freedom to the Franks---
    They have a king who buys and sells:
    In native swords and native ranks,
    The only hope of courage dwells:
    But Turkish force and Latin fraud
    Would break your shield, however broad.

    Fill high the bowl with Samian wine!
    Our virgins dance beneath the shade---
    I see their glorious black eyes shine;
    But, gazing on each glowing maid,
    My own the burning tear-drop laves,
    To think such breasts must suckle slaves.

    Place me on Sunium's marble steep---
    Where nothing, save the waves and I,
    May hear our mutual murmurs sweep:
    There, swan-like, let me sing and die;
    A land of slaves shall ne'er be mine---
    Dash down yon cup of Samian wine!

    翻译版本很多,各有所长,我想放两个我比较偏爱的版本。

    查良铮译

    哀希腊(《唐璜》第三章)



    希腊群岛呵,美丽的希腊群岛!
    火热的萨弗在这里唱过恋歌;
    在这里,战争与和平的艺术并兴,
    狄洛斯崛起,阿波罗跃出海面!
    永恒的夏天还把海岛镀成金,
    可是除了太阳,一切已经消沉。



    开奥的缪斯,蒂奥的缪斯,
    那英雄的竖琴,恋人的琵琶,
    原在你的岸上博得了声誉,
    而今在这发源地反倒喑哑;
    呵,那歌声已远远向西流传,
    远超过你祖先的“海岛乐园”。



    起伏的山峦望着马拉松——
    马拉松望着茫茫的海波;
    我独自在那里冥想一刻钟,
    梦想希腊仍旧自由而欢乐;
    因为,当我在波斯墓上站立,
    我不能想象自己是个奴隶。



    一个国王高高坐在石山顶,
    了望着萨拉密挺立于海外;
    千万只船舶在山下靠停,
    还有多少队伍全由他统率!
    他在天亮时把他们数了数,
    但日落的时候他们都在何处?



    呵,他们而今安在?还有你呢,
    我的祖国?在无声的土地上,
    英雄的颂歌如今已沉寂——
    那英雄的心也不再激荡!
    难道你一向庄严的竖琴,
    竟至沦落到我的手里弹弄?



    也好,置身在奴隶民族里,
    尽管荣誉都已在沦丧中,
    至少,一个爱国志士的忧思,
    还使我的作歌时感到脸红;
    因为,诗人在这儿有什么能为?
    为希腊人含羞,对希腊国落泪。



    我们难道只好对时光悲哭
    和惭愧?——我们的祖先却流血。
    大地呵!把斯巴达人的遗骨
    从你的怀抱里送回来一些!
    哪怕给我们三百勇士的三个,
    让德魔比利的决死战复活!



    怎么,还是无声?一切都喑哑?
    不是的!你听那古代的英魂
    正象远方的瀑布一样喧哗,
    他们回答:“只要有一个活人
    登高一呼,我们就来,就来!”
    噫!倒只是活人不理不睬。



    算了,算了;试试别的调门:
    斟满一杯萨摩斯的美酒!
    把战争留给土耳其野人,
    让开奥的葡萄的血汁倾流!
    听呵,每一个酒鬼多么踊跃
    响应这一个不荣誉的号召!


    你们还保有庇瑞克的舞艺,
    但庇瑞克的方阵哪里去了?
    这是两课,为什么只记其一,
    而把高尚而坚强的一课忘掉?
    凯德谟斯给你们造了字体——
    难道他是为了传授给奴隶?

    一一

    把萨摩斯的美酒斟满一盅!
    让我们且抛开这样的话题!
    这美酒曾使阿纳克瑞翁
    发为神圣的歌;是的,他屈于
    波里克瑞底斯,一个暴君,
    但这暴君至少是我们国人。

    一二

    克索尼萨斯的一个暴君
    是自由的最忠勇的朋友:
    暴君米太亚得留名至今!
    呵,但愿现在我们能够有
    一个暴君和他一样精明,
    他会团结我们不受人欺凌!

    一三

    把萨摩斯的美酒斟满一盅!
    在苏里的山岩,巴加的岸上,
    住着一族人的勇敢的子孙,
    不愧是斯巴达的母亲所养;
    在那里,也许种子已经散播,
    是赫剌克勒斯血统的真传。

    一四

    自由的事业别依靠西方人,
    他们有一个做买卖的国王;
    本土的利剑,本土的士兵,
    是冲锋陷阵的唯一希望;
    但土耳其武力,拉丁的欺骗,
    会里应外合把你们的盾打穿。

    一五

    把萨摩斯的美酒斟满一盅!
    树荫下正舞蹈着我们的姑娘——
    我看见她们的黑眼亮晶晶,
    但是,望着每个鲜艳的姑娘,
    我的眼就为火热的泪所迷,
    这乳房难道也要哺育奴隶?

    一六

    让我攀登苏尼阿的悬崖,
    在那里,将只有我和那海浪
    可以听见彼此飘送着悄悄话,
    让我象天鹅一样歌尽而亡;
    我不要奴隶的国度属于我——
    干脆把那萨摩斯酒杯打破!



    胡适版:录自1914年2月3日《藏晖室札记》

    哀希腊歌

    嗟汝希腊之群岛兮,
    实文教武术之所肇始。
    诗媛沙浮尝咏歌于斯兮,
    亦羲和素娥之故里。
    今惟长夏之骄阳兮,
    纷灿烂其如初。
    我徘徊以忧伤兮,
    哀旧烈之无余!


    悠悠兮,我何所思?
    荷马兮阿难。
    慷慨兮歌英雄,
    缠绵兮叙幽欢。
    享盛名于万代兮,
    独岑寂于斯土;
    大声起乎仙岛之西兮,
    何此邦之无语。


    马拉顿后兮山高,
    马拉顿前兮海号。
    哀时词客独来游兮,
    犹梦希腊终自主也;
    指波斯京观以为正兮,
    吾安能奴僇以终古也!


    彼高崖何巉岩兮,
    俯视沙拉米之滨;
    有名王尝踞坐其巅兮,
    临大海而点兵。
    千樯兮照海,
    列舰兮百里。
    朝点兵兮,何纷纷兮,
    日之入兮,无复存兮!


    故国兮,汝魂何之?
    侠子之歌,久销歇兮,
    英雄之血,难再热兮,
    古诗人兮,高且洁兮;
    琴荒瑟老,臣精竭兮。


    虽举族今奴虏兮,
    岂无遗风之犹在?
    吾慨慷以悲歌兮,
    耿忧国之磈磊。
    吾惟余頳颜为希人羞兮,
    吾惟有泪为希腊洒。


    徒愧赧曾何益兮,
    嗟雪涕之计拙;
    独不念我先人兮,
    为自由而流血?
    吾欲诉天阍兮,
    还我斯巴达之三百英魂兮!
    尚令百一存兮,
    以再造我瘦马披离之关兮!


    沉沉希腊,犹无声兮;
    惟闻鬼语,作潮鸣兮。
    鬼曰:“但令生者一人起兮,
    吾曹虽死,终阴相尔兮!”
    呜咽兮鬼歌,
    生者之喑兮奈鬼何!


    吾哓哓兮终徒然!
    已矣兮何言!
    且为君兮弹别曲,
    注美酒兮盈尊!
    姑坐视突厥之跋扈兮,
    听其宰割吾胞与兮,
    君不闻门外之箫鼓兮,
    且赴此贝凯之舞兮!


    汝犹能霹雳之舞兮,
    霹雳之阵今何许兮?
    舞之靡靡犹不可忘兮,
    奈何独忘阵之堂堂兮?
    独不念先人佉摩之书兮,
    宁以遗汝庸奴兮?

    十一
    怀古兮徒烦冤,
    注美酒兮盈尊!
    一醉兮百忧泯!
    阿难醉兮歌有神。
    阿难盖代诗人兮,
    信尝事暴君兮;
    虽暴君兮,
    犹吾同种之人兮。

    十二
    吾所思兮,
    米尔低兮,
    武且休兮,
    保我自由兮。
    吾抚昔而涕淋浪兮,
    遗风谁其嗣昌?
    诚能再造我家邦兮,
    虽暴主其何伤?

    十三
    注美酒兮盈杯,
    悠悠兮吾怀!
    汤汤兮白阶之岸,
    崔巍兮修里之崖,
    吾陀离之民族兮,
    实肇生于其间;
    或犹有自由之种兮,
    历百劫而未残。

    十四
    法兰之人,乌可托兮,
    其王贪狡,水可度兮。
    所可托兮,希腊之刀;
    所可任兮,希腊之豪。
    突厥“忄票”兮,
    拉丁狡兮,
    虽吾盾之坚兮,
    吾何以自全兮?

    十五
    注美酒兮盈杯!
    美人舞兮低徊!
    眼波兮盈盈,
    一顾兮倾城;
    对彼美兮,
    泪下不能已兮;
    子兮子兮,
    胡为生儿为奴婢兮!

    十六
    置我乎须宁之岩兮,
    狎波涛而与为伍;
    且行吟以悲啸兮,
    惟潮声与对语;
    如鸿鹄之逍遥兮,
    吾将于是老死:
    奴隶之国非吾土兮,—
    碎此杯以自矢!

    1970-01-01   14赞       1踩       2716浏览 评论(46)
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